There are huge disparities in the criminal sentencing of cocaine and crack possession. Abuse of cocaine by inhalation through the nose snorting is a serious health problem. These rocks are then broken into pieces and sold in small quantities. Circumferential cracks may occur owing to loads imposed during construction and uneven bedding. Cocaine base crack can be smoked because it vaporizes with little or no decomposition at 98 c 208 f, which is below the boiling point of water.
Cocaine is a hydrochloride salt in its powdered form, while crack cocaine is derived from. Circumferential crack inspection ndt global inline. Information and translations of crack cocaine in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Freebase is the treatment of cocaine with chemicals which frees the cocaine base from the hydrochloride and lowers the temperature at which the cocaine melts.
Crack cocaine is a crystallized form, mixture of cocaine and baking soda75% purecan be used at lower doses and is much cheaper than cocainecan be smokedchewing of coca leaves is not associated with negative side effects or toxicity because of lack of purity of cocaine and firstpass metabolism. In fact, cocaine is the most powerful naturally occurring stimulant. The mixture of ammonia or baking soda with the cocaine base creates a brownish or yellowishwhite rock, which is smoked. Crack cocaine crack is another form that is processed into a rock form using baking soda and may contain a high percentage of impurities. Crack cocaine first hit the national radar in 1986 but, contrary to media reports, it was not a new drug. Cocaine is a naturally derived cns central nervous system stimulant extracted and refined from the coca plant grown primarily in the andean region of south america.
Information and translations of cocaine in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Crack cocaine addiction and abuse addiction center. The explosive popularity of crack cocaine was associated with its cheap price, which for the first time made cocaine available to a wider economic class. The crack tip circumferential stress, is studied in detail as a function of the crack speed,v, the shear wave speed,c2, poissons ratio. Recovering from an addiction to crack cocaine will be hard physically and psychologically, but professional help can make it easier to cope.
Disclosed is an inreactor operation system which is provided with a crack detection vehicle 11 that moves in a circumferential direction along an outer surface of a shroud 2 disposed in a reactor pressure vessel 1 with the axis vertical, an inspectioncheck sensor that is mounted on the crack detection vehicle 11 and performs an operation with respect to the shroud 2, a vehicle. Cocaine hydrochloride 99% pure freebase cocaine or crack cocaine. Crack cocaine, due to the rapid onset of euphoria and extreme differences in dose, is slightly more dangerous. Crack cocaine is often used in binges where the user does repeated hits of crack cocaine, possibly multiple times per hour, for days. Nicknames include rock, work, hard, iron, cavvy, base, or just crack. Crack, when purchased from drug dealers, looks like white or offwhite, irregularly shaped and sized rocks. Crack cocaine became prevalent in the mid1980s and received massive media attention due in part to its exponential growth in the drug market. Circumferential crack like irregularities in comparison to axial cracks, circumferential cracking does not yet show a significant role in pipeline integrity. While the powdered form of cocaine is simply referred to as cocaine or coke, the rock form is often referred to as crack or crack cocaine. Crack users take crack cocaine by putting the cocaine rocks into a crack pipe and smoking them. Crack comes in a rock crystal form that can be heated and inhaled or smoked. It has been processed from powdered cocaine hydrochloride into a form of the drug that can be smoked.
Cocaine is often used with other drugs, especially alcohol and cannabis. The intense high one gets from taking crack cocaine is what made this drug enormously popular in the mid 1980s and even today. The physical and psychological effects of crack cocaine are seen both during and after crack use. A mixture of salt substitute, ether, and cocaine in a semiliquid form, which is far more potent than if made with baking soda alone. Both pure cocaine and crack cocaine are extremely dangerous, highly addictive, and cause overdose easily. Chemically purified, very potent cocaine in pellet form that is smoked through a glass pipe and is considered highly and rapidly addictive. Crack is the street name for cocaine which is processed by treating the cocaine hydrochloride with sodium bicarbonate to create readytouse small chips for smoking. Circumferential cracklike irregularities in comparison to axial cracks, circumferential cracking does not yet show a significant role in pipeline integrity. While powdered cocaine can be measured in specific doses, crack cocaine rocks have no uniform percentage of cocaine to other. Crack cocaine is a form of the drug cocaine which has been purified and made into. Crack cocaine law and legal definition uslegal, inc. A person smoking crack cocaine as compared to snorting or injecting powder cocaine experiences a faster, more intense high simply because smoke in the lungs affects the brain more quickly than the other methods of ingestion. As an illicit substance, it is extremely dangerous and addiction can develop after just one hit. Visual examination may help the equipment operator decide whether further metallurgical examination and root cause analysis is warranted.
One of the most powerful things you can do is develop the resolve to quit and let that intention guide you through the coming pangs of recovery. Sep 02, 2014 cocaine is made by extracting coca from the leaves of the erythroxylon cocabush, a bush native to south america. Crack cocaine law and legal definition crack, also known as crack cocaine, or rock, is a controlled substance which is illegal to possess, use, or distribute in the united states. Crack cocaine definition and meaning collins english dictionary. The handbook presents examples of common failure mechanisms in a variety of boilers including power boilers, recovery boilers, and heat recovery steam generators hrsgs. Jul 09, 2019 crack cocaine uncountable a mixture of baking soda and cocaine in solid form that is smoked in a pipe as a narcotic. For example, one ounce of crack brings a fiveyear mandatory minimum. Crack and cocaine are both drugs created from the coca plant but have a different level of refinement. It is called crack in reference to the cracking sound it makes when it is heated.
By removing the thermal oxide layer, which increases sensitivity to cracks, the occurrence of cracks originating from the circumferential groove. Cocaine is a powerful anesthetic and the most potent stimulant of natural origin to the central nervous system. When smoked, the cocaine vapors reach the brain much quicker than snorting, producing an intense but shortlived euphoric rush and very quickly a compelling desire for more. Crack cocaine is the street name given to one form of freebase cocaine that comes in small lumps or shavings. Smoking crack cocaine also can cause aggressive and paranoid behavior. One form of cocaine base is cocaine free base known as crack. Cocaine is distributed illegally in two main forms. Cocaine faq articles on cocaine the good drugs guide. Crack cocaine definition of crack cocaine by the free.
Looking for online definition of cocaine or what cocaine stands for. Crack is a lower purity form of freebase cocaine that is usually produced by neutralization of cocaine hydrochloride with a solution of baking soda sodium bicarbonate, nahco 3 and water. Crack cocaine is made by mixing baking soda or ammonia into the powder form of cocaine, which dries into the rocks known as crack cocaine. Continued daily use causes sleep deprivation and loss of appetite, resulting in malnutrition. Effects of crack cocaine include euphoria, supreme confidence, loss of appetite, insomnia, alertness, increased energy, a craving for more cocaine, and potential paranoia ending after use.
Additionally, crack cocaine is commonly abused because it is inexpensive to both make and purchase. The term freebase means to purify cocaine by dissolving it in a heated solvent and separating and drying the precipitate or to use cocaine purified in this way by burning it and inhaling the fumes. Nevertheless, pipeline operators observe these defects, often in combination with circumferential welds andor local stressstrain accumulation. Crack cocaine definition and meaning collins english. Crack cocaine typically referred to as crack is a form of cocaine hydrochloride powder that has been chemically. Crack cocaine definition of crack cocaine by medical. The effects of crack cocaine are potentially devastating and can be seen in every area of a crack addicts life. Multiple longitudinal cracks with small crack width e. Crack cocaine is a mix of cocaine and baking powder sodium bicarbonate which comes as small lumps or rocks. Crack cocaine makes a paris neighborhood hell for users and residents five squalid acres at the edge of the city are home to frances largest openair crack market an apocalyptic. The term crack refers to the crackling sound heard when it is heated prior to smoking. A dangerous drug thats a freebase form of cocaine that can be smoked. These crack cocaine effects typically indicate the need for medical treatment and cocaine rehab. Crack cocaine and powder cocaine are both illegal drugs that stimulate the central nervous system.
After cocaine and baking soda are combined, the mixture is boiled, and a solid forms. Crack cocaine typically referred to as crack is a form of cocaine hydrochloride powder that has been chemically changed so that it can be smoked, rather than snorted. Under what is commonly referred to as the 100to1 cocaine sentencing disparity, it takes one hundred times as much powder cocaine as crack cocaine to trigger the federal mandatory minimums. Crack cocaine, also known simply as crack or rock, is a free base form of cocaine that can be smoked. Cocaine and heroin, mixed and dissolved for injection, is called a speedball.
The truth the key difference between cocaine and crack is that smoking crack delivers more of the drug to the brain faster than snorting cocaine. Cocaine is made by extracting coca from the leaves of the erythroxylon cocabush, a bush native to south america. A friend of mine has a question, ive typed out what he said. As crack cocaine interferes with the way the brain processes chemicals, one needs more and more of the drug just to feel normal. Those who become addicted to crack cocaine as with most other drugs lose. It has not been neutralized by an acid to make cocaine hydrochloride, the pure form of the chemical. Cocaine is a hydrochloride salt in its powdered form, while crack cocaine is derived from powdered cocaine by combining it with water and another substance, usually baking soda sodium bicarbonate. The crack cocaine is put in a pipe and heated while the user inhales the crack cocaine vapor.
Its said to be the most addictive form of cocaine there is. Circumferential crack an overview sciencedirect topics. Sodium is removed wich leaves a free base that is more lipidic and has a lower evaporation temperature and since it is smokeable, the bioavailability in the lungs is much higher. Longterm effects from use of crack cocaine include severe damage to the heart, liver and kidneys. I have a couple problems when i cooked my cocaine into crack.
Crack cocaine definition of crack cocaine by medical dictionary. Apr 22, 2019 the effects of crack cocaine are potentially devastating and can be seen in every area of a crack addicts life. Cocaine is an often abused drug, derived from the coca plant, and its found in both powder and rock forms. Any route of administration can potentially lead to absorption of toxic amounts of cocaine, causing heart attacks, strokes, or seizuresall of which can result in sudden death. Cocaine addiction facts cocaine addiction statistics. What is crack cocaine differences between crack and cocaine. Chronic users develop ulceration of the nasal mucosa that can. Jul 29, 2019 crack or crack cocaine is a form of cocaine. Information and translations of cocaine in the most comprehensive. Crack cocaine treatment and rehab addiction center. Crack is a derivative of cocaine that was developed in the 1970s, and it is the most potent version of the cocabased stimulant currently available. Reconvert cocaine hydrochloride back to base state by removing hydrochloride from cocaine thats why its called freebase cocaine crack cocaine is a crystallized form, mixture of cocaine and baking soda75% purecan be used at lower doses and is much cheaper than cocaine. The only sure way to determine a failure mechanisms and root cause is a full. A 2009 survey of ontario students in grades 7 to 12 reported that 2.
1564 416 418 849 524 877 526 1511 166 2 1097 1271 160 1393 724 932 1067 889 643 479 258 1523 1436 209 827 941 911 1403 788 1041 67 476 232 276 180 300 1429 616 1061 623 1160 201 645 994 106 1198 726